用maven制作Java项目发行包

作者:sherrydong 日期:2007-11-07 10:24:00

字体大小: 小中大

关键字: Maven Assembly 发行包
制作软件发行包只是Maven能够轻松完成的众多任务之一，下面通过一个简单的实例进行说明。

按照Maven的标准做法，该功能以插件的方式提供，这个插件就是Maven Assembly Plugin，它的网址是：
http://maven.apache.org/plugins/maven-assembly-plugin/

1.准备工作
下载最新Maven 2的软件包，安装后将其bin路径注册到系统的查找路径中。
执行下面的命令创建一个供测试用的待发布web项目：

命令行
mvn archetype:create \
-DgroupId=de.focusdv.bcs -DartifactId=myweb \
-DarchetypeArtifactId=maven-archetype-webapp

这会产生下面的目录结构：

java 代码

myweb\

deploy\ <-- 存放用于制作发行包的Maven配置文件。

output\ <-- 预期存放我们即将创建的发行包，假设是myweb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.zip。在真实的项目
中，将这个目录单独放置到其他地方也许会更好。
dist\ <-- 存放打包文件，假设这里是myweb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.war
src\
main\
\java
\resources
\webapp
test\
target\
pom.xml

除了deploy和dist目录由我们自己手动创建外，其余部分为Maven按照标准的目录布局自动产生。

接下来我们的任务就是将myweb下面的src目录、dist目录，以及pom.xml文件打包到myweb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.zip中，供我们的客户使用。

2.编写配置文件
首先在deploy目录中编写Maven项目的配置文件pom.xml：

xml 代码

<project> 
<modelVersion>4.0.0<!--</span-->modelVersion> 
<groupId>com.mycompany<!--</span-->groupId> 
<artifactId>myweb<!--</span-->artifactId> 
<name>myweb<!--</span-->name> 
 
 
 
<version>1.0-SNAPSHOT<!--</span-->version> 
<url>com.mycompany<!--</span-->url> 
<build> 
<!-- 发行包的输出路径 --> 
<directory>output<!--</span-->directory> 
<plugins> 
<!-- 对Maven Assembly插件进行配置 --> 
<plugin> 
<artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin<!--</span-->artifactId> 
<configuration> 
<!-- 在生成的发行包名称中不包含assemblyId（这里是“distribution”） --> 
<appendAssemblyId>false<!--</span-->appendAssemblyId> 
<!-- 指定唯一的描述文件 --> 
<descriptors> 
<descriptor>distribution.xml<!--</span-->descriptor> 
<!--</span-->descriptors> 
<!--</span-->configuration> 
<!--</span-->plugin> 
<!--</span-->plugins> 
<!--</span-->build> 
<!--</span-->project>

xml 代码主要信息已经注释到代码中了。

然后在相同目录下编写在pom.xml中指定的名为distribution.xml的文件：

xml 代码

<assembly> 
<id>distribution<!--</span-->id> 
<formats> 
<!-- 指定发行包使用zip格式 --> 
<format>zip<!--</span-->format> 
<!--</span-->formats> 
<!-- 在发行包中使用根目录，按照惯例，这里是 myweb-1.0-SNAPSHOT--> 
<includeBaseDirectory>true<!--</span-->includeBaseDirectory> 
<!-- 将要打包到发行包中的内容 --> 
<fileSets> 
<fileSet> 
<directory>dist<!--</span-->directory> 
<directory>src<!--</span-->directory> 
<includes> 
<include>*.xml<!--</span-->include> 
<!--</span-->includes> 
<outputDirectory>/<!--</span-->outputDirectory> 
<!--</span-->fileSet> 
<!--</span-->fileSets> 
<!--</span-->assembly>

重要信息同样已经包含到注释中了。

3.制作发行包
编写好这两个文件之后，在命令行中切换到deploy目录下，执行下面的命令：
mvn assembly:assembly

如果一切顺利，应该能在output目录下找到myweb-1.0-SNAPSHOT.zip文件，我们的发行包已经整装待发了。

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